Аннотация
With only five photographs of the Sun at different dates we show that the
mass of Sun can be calculated by using a telescope, a camera, and the third
Kepler's law. With the photographs we are able to calculate the distance from
Sun to Earth at different dates along four months. These distances allow us to
obtain the correct elliptical orbit of Earth, proving the first Kepler's law.
The analysis of the data extracted from photographs is performed by using an
analitical optimization approach that allow us to find the parameters of the
elliptical orbit. Also, it is shown that the five data points fit an ellipse
using an geometrical scheme. The obtained parameters are in very good agreement
with the ones for Earth's orbit, allowing us to foresee the future positions of
Earth along its trajectory. The parameters for the orbit are used to calculate
the Sun's mass by applying the third Kepler's law. This method gives a result
wich is in excellent agreement with the correct value for the Sun's mass. Thus,
in a span of time of four months, any student is capable to calculate the
mass of the sun with only five photographs, a telescope and a camera.
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