<dispatcher>FORWARD</dispatcher>
<dispatcher>REQUEST</dispatcher>
INCLUDE: Use this for the filter to be applied to any include targets matching a specified servlet name or with URLs matching a specified pattern.
FORWARD: Use this for the filter to be applied to any forward targets matching a specified servlet name or with URLs matching a specified pattern.
REQUEST: Use this in addition to an INCLUDE or FORWARD setting (one <dispatcher> element for each setting) for the filter to also be applied to direct request targets matching a specified servlet name or with URLs matching a specified pattern. (It is nonsensical to use the REQUEST value only. If you want the filter to apply only to direct requests, there is no need to use the <dispatcher> element.)
ERROR: Use this for the filter to be applied under the error page mechanism.
URL patterns use an extremely simple syntax. Every character in a pattern must match the corresponding character in the URL path exactly, with two exceptions. At the end of a pattern, /* matches any sequence of characters from that point forward. The pattern *.extension matches any file name ending with extension. No other wildcards are supported, and an asterisk at any other position in the pattern is not a wildcard.
First, the container prefers an exact path match over a wildcard path match. Second, the container prefers to match the longest pattern. Third, the container prefers path matches over filetype matches. Finally, the pattern <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> always matches any request that no other pattern matches