Social and occupational impairments contribute to the burden of psychosis and depression. There is a need for risk stratification tools to inform personalized functional-disability preventive strategies for individuals in at-risk and early phases of these illnesses.. Please contact the library to request a copy of this article - http://bit.ly/1Xyazai
Comment. Many smokers and health-care providers believe that smoking can reduce stress and other symptoms related to poor mental health. In The Lancet Psychiatry, Jentien Vermeulen and colleagues 1 examined the self-medication hypothesis in a prospective cohort study of patients with a non-affective psychosis (n=1094), unaffected siblings (n=1047), and control participants (n=579).. Please contact the library to request a copy of this article - http://bit.ly/1Xyazai
Researchers continue to build on findings from NIMH’s Recovery After an Initial Schizophrenia Episode (RAISE) program, which investigated the effectiveness of early intervention services for people experiencing first episode psychosis. Two recent studies add to the evidence that team-based early intervention services are feasible in real-world health care settings and result in improved outcomes for patients.
When each of us entered the field of clinical psychology/psychiatry, we were drawn to the complex and seemingly irrational symptoms displayed by patients with psychosis and their struggles to make sense of the world. These symptoms, which often involved bizarre ideas, were especially puzzling in patients who seemed otherwise intellectually intact. . Please contact the library to request a copy of this article - http://bit.ly/1Xyazai
Taking part in regular physical activity is linked to a more positive outlook on general health in people with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, according to a new report.
Free access. Between 5% and 10% of people with psychosis will die by suicide, a rate which is 20–75 times higher than the general population. This risk is even greater in those not taking antipsychotic medication. We examined whether negative appraisals of psychotic experiences and negative metacognitive beliefs about losing mental control mediated a relationship between psychotic symptoms and suicidal ideation in this group.
Psychological Medicine; Cambridge Vol. 49, Iss. 1, (Jan 2019): 32-48. DOI:10.1017/S0033291718002660
To identify factors which may help or hinder decision-making ability in people with psychosis, we did a systematic review and meta-analysis of their performance on the Iowa and Cambridge Gambling Tasks.. To read the full article, log in using your NHS OpenAthens details.
Individualized metacognitive training (MCT+) is a novel psychotherapy that has been designed to specifically target delusional beliefs in people with psychosis. It works by developing an awareness of the implausible content of delusional beliefs, while also targeting the cognitive biases that contribute to their formation and maintenance. It was expected that MCT+ would lead to significantly greater reductions in delusional severity compared to a cognitive remediation (CR) active control condition. . Please contact the library to request a copy of this article - http://bit.ly/1Xyazai
People with schizophrenia experience significant deficits in the kinds of empathic skills that are the foundation for interpersonal relationships. Researchers have speculated that deficits in empathic skills in schizophrenia may be related to disturbances in metacognition and heightened levels of personal distress. To explore this issue, this study examined whether better metacognition and reduced personal distress would be associated with improved performance on cognitive and affective empathy tasks.. Please contact the library to request a copy of this article - http://bit.ly/1Xyazai
Psychological Medicine; Cambridge Vol. 49, Iss. 1, (Jan 2019): 140-148. DOI:10.1017/S0033291718000600
Schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are currently conceptualized as distinct disorders. However, the relationship between these two disorders has been revisited in recent years due to evidence that they share phenotypic and genotypic expressions. This study aimed to identify ASD traits in patients with schizophrenia, and to define their demographic, psychopathological, cognitive and functional correlates.. To read the full article, log in using your NHS OpenAthens details.
Psychological Medicine; Cambridge Vol. 49, Iss. 3, (Feb 2019): 412. DOI:10.1017/S0033291718001010
Background
In patients with schizophrenia, distributed abnormalities are observed in grey matter volume. A recent hypothesis posits that these distributed changes are indicative of a plastic reorganisation process occurring in response to a functional defect in neuronal information transmission. We investigated the structural covariance across various brain regions in early-stage schizophrenia to determine if indeed the observed patterns of volumetric loss conform to a coordinated pattern of structural reorganisation.. To read the full article, log in using your NHS OpenAthens details.
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The authors created normative growth charts of amygdala functional connectivity in typically developing youths, assessed age-associated deviations of these trajectories in youths with psychosis spectrum disorders, and explored how these disruptions are related to clinical symptomatology.. Login at top right hand side of page using your MPFT NHS OpenAthens for full text.
The experience of pre‐onset sub‐threshold psychotic symptoms (STPS, signifying a clinical high‐risk state) in first episode psychosis (FEP) predicts poorer outcomes during treatment, possibly through differential adherence to medication. We explored whether adherence differs between FEP patients with and without pre‐onset STPS.. To read the full article, log in using your NHS Athens details. To access full-text: click “Log in/Register” (top right hand side). Click ‘Institutional Login’ then select 'OpenAthens Federation', then ‘NHS England’. Enter your Athens details to view the article.
Open access. Primary brain calcification (PBC), a neurodegenerative disorder with characteristic calcium deposits in the basal ganglia and other brain areas, typically presents with various neurological and psychiatric symptoms in the fourth or fifth decade of life or later. We present the case of a patient with psychiatric manifestations much earlier than usual, in the second decade of life.
The study, funded by the MRC and published in Nature Communications, suggests that being genetically programmed to rise early may lead to greater well-being and a lower risk of schizophrenia and depression. However, despite much previous speculation, the results did not reveal any strong links to diseases such as diabetes or obesity.
Open access. Cardiometabolic health significantly impacts on the mortality of people with severe mental illness. Clozapine has the greatest efficacy for Treatment Resistant Schizophrenia (TRS) but the greatest negative impact on cardiometabolic health. Balancing the risks and benefits of treatment, dignity, autonomy, liberty, mental and physical health can be challenging, particularly when imposing interventions with potentially life threatening adverse events, such as clozapine. We describe the successful administration of clozapine in the face of myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolism and hyperlipidaemia resulting in the termination of long-term seclusion for a gentleman with TRS in high secure psychiatric services.
Holt et al show that a lifestyle intervention did not reduce weight in people with schizophrenia. The STEPWISE trial casts a critical focus on the challenges of improving physical health in people with schizophrenia. The trial underpins efforts to maintain momentum in overcoming the unacceptable health inequalities in this population.. To read the full article, log in using your MPFT NHS OpenAthens details.