%0 Journal Article %1 Townsend:2001 %A Townsend, Anthony M. %D 2001 %J American Behavioral Scientist %K city commercial development globalization ict internet network world-system %N 10 %P 1697--1716 %T Network Cities and the Global Structure of the Internet %V 44 %X Cities have played an important role in the process of globalization as centers for information exchange. Urban scholars note that a handful of dominant financial services centers--so-called global cities--has dominated international telecommunications networks. Yet, these and others have failed to understand how new telecommunications technologies, particularly the Internet, are enabling a far broader diffusion of international interurban connectivity, a far more complex global web than in earlier eras. This article presents evidence on the Internet backbone in which traditionally dominant urban hubs for international communications--London, New York, and Tokyo--are increasingly being supplemented by other hubs within their regions. The global structure of the Internet reflects a shift in the geography of telecommunications networks and the emergence of a network of network cities. To cope with this challenge, urban planners are urged to address three issues: dependency on other cities and urban areas, accessibility to global Internet backbone networks, and proficiency with communications technology.

@article{Townsend:2001, abstract = {Cities have played an important role in the process of globalization as centers for information exchange. Urban scholars note that a handful of dominant financial services centers--so-called global cities--has dominated international telecommunications networks. Yet, these and others have failed to understand how new telecommunications technologies, particularly the Internet, are enabling a far broader diffusion of international interurban connectivity, a far more complex global web than in earlier eras. This article presents evidence on the Internet backbone in which traditionally dominant urban hubs for international communications--London, New York, and Tokyo--are increasingly being supplemented by other hubs within their regions. The global structure of the Internet reflects a shift in the geography of telecommunications networks and the emergence of a network of network cities. To cope with this challenge, urban planners are urged to address three issues: dependency on other cities and urban areas, accessibility to global Internet backbone networks, and proficiency with communications technology.}, added-at = {2010-03-02T17:25:53.000+0100}, author = {Townsend, Anthony M.}, bdsk-file-1 = {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}, bdsk-url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00027640121957998}, biburl = {https://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/28734ab2222f197203af798cea25f5e09/jrennstich}, date-modified = {2010-02-28 21:03:37 -0500}, interhash = {5e3afa66520ca7eb8f1d42b07cb84455}, intrahash = {8734ab2222f197203af798cea25f5e09}, journal = {American Behavioral Scientist}, keywords = {city commercial development globalization ict internet network world-system}, month = Jun, number = 10, pages = {1697--1716}, timestamp = {2010-03-05T16:45:15.000+0100}, title = {Network Cities and the Global Structure of the Internet}, volume = 44, year = 2001 }