According to Karl Popper, widely regarded as one of the greatest philosophers of science in
the 20th century, falsifiability is the primary characteristic that distinguishes scientific
theories from ideologies – or dogma. For example, for people who argue that schools
should treat creationism as a scientific theory, comparable to modern theories of evolution,
advocates of creationism would need to become engaged in the generation of falsifiable
hypothesis, and would need to abandon the practice of discouraging questioning and
inquiry. Ironically, scientific theories themselves are accepted or rejected based on a
principle that might be called survival of the fittest. So, for healthy theories on
development to occur, four Darwinian functions should function: (a) variation – avoid
orthodoxy and encourage divergent thinking, (b) selection – submit all assumptions and
innovations to rigorous testing, (c) diffusion – encourage the shareability of new and/or
viable ways of thinking, and (d) accumulation – encourage the reuseability of viable
aspects of productive innovations
To hear Musk tell it, Neuralink's hardware is either a state-of-the-art tool for understanding the brain, a clinical advance for people with neurological disorders, or the next step in human evolution
Tony Robinson, Pressenza, 31.3. on the book "At the Crossroads of Humanity’s Future- The steps towards the Universal Human Nation"
By Guillermo Sullings
As covid-19 sweeps the planet having seemingly been reduced to manageable numbers in China, governments and world leaders are struggling to come to terms
2011. "These days at the I.B.M. Almaden Research Center in San Jose, Calif., there is not a lot of talk of reverse-engineering the brain. Wide-ranging ambitions that narrow over time, Dr. Modha explained, are part of research and discovery, even if his earlier rhetoric was inflated or misunderstood.
“Deciding what not to do is just as important as deciding what to do,” Dr. Modha said. “We’re not trying to replicate the brain. That’s impossible. We don’t know how the brain works, really.” "
“chip-first as an organizing principle gave us a coherent plan.”
"In designing chips that bear some structural resemblance to the brain, so-called neuromorphic chips, neuroscience was a guiding principle as well. Brains are low-power, nimble computing mechanisms — real-world proof that it is possible."
Two Concepts of Constraint: Adaptationism and the Challenge from Developmental Biology Ron Amundson Philosophy of Science, Vol. 61, No. 4 (Dec., 1994), pp. 556-578 developmental constraints
G. Palfalvi, T. Hackl, N. Terhoeven, T. Shibata, T. Nishiyama, M. Ankenbrand, D. Becker, F. Forster, M. Freund, A. Iosip and 17 other author(s). Curr Biol, 30 (12):
2312-2320 e5(2020)Palfalvi, Gergo
Hackl, Thomas
Terhoeven, Niklas
Shibata, Tomoko F
Nishiyama, Tomoaki
Ankenbrand, Markus
Becker, Dirk
Forster, Frank
Freund, Matthias
Iosip, Anda
Kreuzer, Ines
Saul, Franziska
Kamida, Chiharu
Fukushima, Kenji
Shigenobu, Shuji
Tamada, Yosuke
Adamec, Lubomir
Hoshi, Yoshikazu
Ueda, Kunihiko
Winkelmann, Traud
Fuchs, Jorg
Schubert, Ingo
Schwacke, Rainer
Al-Rasheid, Khaled
Schultz, Jorg
Hasebe, Mitsuyasu
Hedrich, Rainer
eng
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
England
2020/05/16
Curr Biol. 2020 Jun 22;30(12):2312-2320.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2020.04.051. Epub 2020 May 14..
