This paper demonstrates a systematic approach to modelling and designing KBSs in a purely object-oriented fashion through the use of profile mechanism. The profile is constructed using compliant standards of modelling software systems by adopting the XMF
A. Knapp, and T. Mossakowski. Graph Transformation, Specifications, and Nets - In Memory of Hartmut Ehrig, volume 10800 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, page 1-25. Springer Verlag, (2018)see also https://arxiv.org/abs/1610.03960.