Abstract

This report describes the development of a site apparatus, known as "penevane" which combines a dynamic penetrometer with a shear vane, as well as its calibration so as to obtain the ultimate uplift resistance of piles and shallow pad type foundations for suspension four-legged towers. This direct method of foundation design has been successfully verified by full scale uplift tests on 39 piles and 42 pad and chimney type foundations in soils which have been assessed by complete "penevane" tests. This method has also been applied for foundation design on a transmission line for E.D.F. This apparatus has also been calibrated to give average values of soil mechanical characteristics.

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