In Scotland, Hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination for all prisoners was introduced in 1999; here, we examine the impact of this programme among people who inject drugs (PWID) in the community. This study aimed to compare rates of HBV vaccine uptake before and after implementation of the prison programme and to estimate the determinants of vaccine uptake, the levels of ever/current HBV infection and the associations between vaccine uptake and ever/current HBV infection. Please contact the library to request a copy of this article - http://bit.ly/1Xyazai
Background: Up to 75% of people with serious mental illness (SMI) such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder have co-occurring substance use disorders (dual diagnosis). Dual diagnosis can have an adverse effect on treatment and prognosis of SMI.
Objectives: To evaluate the effects of risperidone compared to treatment with other antipsychotics (first-generation and other second-generation antipsychotics) used in people with serious mental illness and co-occurring substance misuse.
This annual statistical report presents information on drug misuse among both adults and children. The topics covered include: •Prevalence of drug misuse, including the types of drugs used •Trends in drug misuse over recent years •Patterns of drug misuse among different groups of the population •Health outcomes related to drug misuse including hospital admissions, drug treatment and number of deaths.
To estimate predictors of time to smoking relapse and test if prediction varied by quit duration.. Please contact the library to request a copy of this article - http://bit.ly/1Xyazai
The US epidemic of overdose caused by the synthetic opioid could replay here, some commentators have suggested. To read the full article, log in using your NHS OpenAthens details.
Overdose education and naloxone distribution promote access to rescue medication and reduce opioid overdose fatalities. Opioid use disorder prevention and treatment must embrace evidence-based care and integrate with physical and mental health care. Open Access Article
The authors sought to simultaneously examine the prevalence and correlates of prescription stimulant use, misuse, use disorders, and motivations for misuse in the U.S. adult population.. Login at top right hand side of page using your SSSFT NHS OpenAthens for full text. SSOTP- Please contact the library to receive a copy of this article - http://bit.ly/1Xyazai
Guidelines for levels of alcohol use that pose a low risk to drinkers' health are provided by many countries, usually based on meta-analyses of epidemiological studies.1; 2 ; 3 However, to devise such guidelines is challenging because alcohol is linked to poor health in various and complex ways. Injury, suicide, and assault, for example, are associated with drinking to intoxication, whereas regular alcohol consumption increases the risks of liver cirrhosis, gastrointestinal diseases, cardiovascular disease, dementia, and some types of cancer.4 ; 5 Debate continues about whether or not moderate alcohol consumption reduces mortality from myocardial infarction.6; 7 ; 8
The study by Angela Wood and colleagues9 in The Lancet substantially improves on previous meta-analyses to define low-risk drinking thresholds.. Please contact the library to request a copy of this article - http://bit.ly/1Xyazai
Attachment styles have been shown to be an important predictor of relationship quality and well-being. They have also been linked with ability to function well in groups. Insecure attachment styles are thought to be an underlying cause of addiction and represent a target for change in one-to-one therapy. How attachment styles themselves affect group therapy for addiction is understudied. The current study addresses this gap by examining the effects of attachment styles on relapse and treatment retention amongst a population of people attending addiction therapy groups.. To read the full article, log in using your SSSFT NHS OpenAthens details. SSOTP - You can request a copy of this article by replying to this email. Please ensure you are clear which article you are requesting.
Psychological Bulletin (Mar 1, 2018): No Pagination Specified.
Substance use has long been associated with close relationship distress. Although the direction of influence for this association has not been established, it has often been assumed that substance use is the causal agent and that close relationship distress is the effect. But research seeking to establish temporal precedence in this link has produced mixed findings. Further, theoretical models of substance use and close relationship processes present the plausibility of the inverse pathway—that insecure close relationships may serve as a vulnerability factor for the development of later substance problems. The current review applies an attachment-theoretical framework to the association between close social bonds and substance use and substance-related problems.. To read the full article, log in using your NHS OpenAthens details.
Open access. Increasing the reach of smoking cessation services and/or including new but effective medications to the current provision may provide significant health and economic benefits; the scale of such benefits is currently unknown. The aim of this study was to estimate the cost-effectiveness from a health-care perspective of viable national level changes in smoking cessation provision in the Netherlands and England.
To estimate temporal trends in adolescents’ current cigarette, alcohol and cannabis use in Europe by gender and region, test for regional differences, and evaluate regional convergence.. Please contact the library to request a copy of this article - http://bit.ly/1Xyazai
There are a limited number of pharmacotherapies licensed for alcohol use disorders (AUDs). Baclofen is a GABA-B agonist which is increasingly used as an off label treatment. A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted to determine the efficacy of baclofen in reducing drinking behaviour, craving, depression, and anxiety, compared with placebo.. Please contact the library to request a copy of this article - http://bit.ly/1Xyazai
Although research is still taking place, it seems that stronger sinsemilla cannabis (aka skunk, which contains more THC and little CBD), raises the risk of mental health problems and addiction, compared to cannabis resin, which tends to have less THC and more CBD.
It's concerning that this study suggests sinsemilla is becoming much more common, and that where resin is on sale, it has more THC and less CBD than a decade ago. People who base their ideas about cannabis on the drug they smoked many years ago may not realise the strength and potential harm of the cannabis sold on the street today.
However, the study has some limitations
Cannabis is the most commonly abused illicit drug and accounts for the greatest number of adolescent substance abuse treatment admissions. Despite urgent need for effective interventions, the best available psychosocial treatment options yield only modest effects. Topiramate showed promise as an adjunctive pharmacotherapy to a psychosocial intervention for cannabis misuse among adolescents and young adults in a recent clinical trial, but it was not well tolerated. This study investigated associations between clinical characteristics and side effects and dropout among adolescents and young adults randomized to topiramate.. SSSFT staff can use the OVID link, or you can request a copy of this article by replying to this email. Please ensure you are clear which article you are requesting.