It has been proposed that many smokers switch to vaping because their nicotine addiction makes this their only viable route out of smoking. We compared indicators of prior and current cigarette smoking dependence and of relapse in former smokers who were daily users of nicotine vaping products (‘vapers') or who were not vaping at the time of survey (‘non‐vapers').. To read the full article, log in using your NHS Athens details. To access full-text: click “Log in/Register” (top right hand side). Click ‘Institutional Login’ then select 'OpenAthens Federation', then ‘NHS England’. Enter your Athens details to view the article.
To systematically review and critically evaluate studies reporting alcohol exposure during pregnancy and miscarriage.. To read the full article, log in using your NHS Athens details. To access full-text: click “Log in/Register” (top right hand side). Click ‘Institutional Login’ then select 'OpenAthens Federation', then ‘NHS England’. Enter your Athens details to view the article.
Use of non‐judgmental, respectful, and uniform language to describe individuals with substance use disorders (SUD) is recommended to reduce stigma. However, existing research about use of labels for substance use has largely focused on perspectives of treatment providers and the general public, and to a lesser degree of those in long term recovery. This study aimed to examine and compare labels that individuals who use heroin and are initiating SUD treatment 1) use to describe themselves and when speaking with others who use drugs, with family, and with treatment providers, and 2) prefer to be called and never want to be called.. To read the full article, log in using your NHS Athens details. To access full-text: click “Log in/Register” (top right hand side). Click ‘Institutional Login’ then select 'OpenAthens Federation', then ‘NHS England’. Enter your Athens details to view the article.
Despite the staggering consequences of the opioid epidemic, limited nonopioid medication options have been developed to treat this medical and public health crisis. This study investigated the potential of cannabidiol (CBD), a nonintoxicating phytocannabinoid, to reduce cue-induced craving and anxiety, two critical features of addiction that often contribute to relapse and continued drug use, in drug-abstinent individuals with heroin use disorder.. Login at top right hand side of page using your MPFT NHS OpenAthens for full text.
The timeline followback (TLFB) is a retrospective self-report task that has been used successfully to measure prior alcohol consumption. The current study reanalyzed data from a recent successful demonstration of a remote contingency management trial for reducing alcohol consumption.. Please contact the library to request a copy of this article - http://bit.ly/2HjNDf3
Nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) is an antistress neuropeptide transmitter in the brain that counteracts corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF)-mediated stress and anxiety symptoms during drug and alcohol withdrawal. It also inhibits the release of a wide array of neurotransmitters, including dopamine and glutamate, which allows for it to block the rewarding properties of cocaine. Chronic cocaine administration in rodents has been shown to decrease N/OFQ and increase nociceptive opioid peptide (NOP) receptors in the nucleus accumbens. No previous studies have reported on the in vivo status of NOP in chronic cocaine-abusing humans.. Login at top right hand side of page using your MPFT NHS OpenAthens for full text.
Cocaine is a highly addictive substance with serious medical and mental health consequences. Despite these concerns, there are no Food and Drug Administration-approved medications for the treatment of cocaine use disorder (CUD). Although many medication-assisted treatments (MATs) have been investigated, no clear guidelines exist for clinicians treating patients with CUDs.. Please contact the library to request a copy of this article - http://bit.ly/2HjNDf3
There is little doubt that opiates have transformed healthcare, particularly in relation to pain management. However, many patients prescribed this type of drug develop problems such as dependency. Although we do not know how many older people have developed such problems due to opiate use we know that some will. It is important for nurses to understand the context in which opiates are used, as well as the specific needs of older people and how to respond to them. To read the full article, log in using your MPFT NHS OpenAthens details.
To summarize and evaluate our knowledge of the relationship between heavy cannabis use, Cannabis Use Disorder (CUD), and the brain.. To read the full article, log in using your NHS Athens details. To access full-text: click “Log in/Register” (top right hand side). Click ‘Institutional Login’ then select 'OpenAthens Federation', then ‘NHS England’. Enter your Athens details to view the article.
PHE is working in partnership with the Department of Health and Social Care (DHSC) and the Scottish, Welsh and Northern Ireland governments, to produce UK-wide clinical guidelines for alcohol treatment to provide support for alcohol treatment practice.
PHE has published the first-ever evidence review of dependence and withdrawal problems associated with 5 commonly prescribed classes of medicines in England.
The authors sought to clarify the etiology of the association between pregnancy and reduced risk of alcohol use disorder.. Login at top right hand side of page using your MPFT NHS OpenAthens for full text.
Open access. The ‘perfect’ journey through an Irish Methadone Maintenance Treatment Programme (MMTP) would have a client engage appropriately with all relevant services available to them, inclusive of psychiatry, counselling, out-reach support, nursing and psychology. Concurrently, a client would ideally adhere to their prescribed methadone-dosing regimen, until a client is stabilised allowing them to function optimally. At this point, a client should transfer to the GP community setting. Unfortunately, this fails to occur. To date, very few studies have specifically investigated the reasons why a cohort of clients remain ‘trapped’ in the high risk, specialist clinical setting.
A total of £10.5 million of funding is being allocated by Public Health England (PHE), to help improve the lives of adults and children impacted by alcohol, consisting of:
£4.5 million innovation fund for local projects working with children and families
£6 million capital fund to improve access to alcohol treatment in the community
This study estimated whether and how the 12‐month prevalence of cannabis use disorder among U.S. youth aged 12‐17 and emerging adults aged 18‐25 varied by time since first cannabis use.. Please contact the library to request a copy of this article - http://bit.ly/1Xyazai