Canadian Journal of Psychiatry61.8 (Aug 2016): 446-456.
Mitochondrial dysfunction is commonly observed in bipolar disorder (BD) and schizophrenia (SCZ) and may be a central feature of psychosis. These illnesses are complex and heterogeneous, which is reflected by the complexity of the processes regulating mitochondrial function. Mitochondria are typically associated with energy production; however, dysfunction of mitochondria affects not only energy production but also vital cellular processes, including the formation of reactive oxygen species, cell cycle and survival, intracellular Ca^sup 2+^ homeostasis, and neurotransmission. In this review, we characterize the upstream components controlling mitochondrial function, including 1) mutations in nuclear and mitochondrial DNA, 2) mitochondrial dynamics, and 3) intracellular Ca^sup 2+^ homeostasis. Characterizing and understanding the upstream factors that regulate mitochondrial function is essential to understand progression of these illnesses and develop biomarkers and therapeutics. To read the full article, log in using your NHS OpenAthens details.
o investigate whether schizophrenia spectrum and bipolar disorder lie on a transdiagnostic spectrum with overlapping non-affective and affective psychotic symptoms. You can request a copy of this article by replying to this email. Please be clear which article you are requesting.
Smoking in the general population is on the decline. However, in people with severe mental disorders (SMDs) such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder the estimated smoking prevalence rate is anywhere between 50-80%. High rates of medical morbidity and severely reduced life expectancy are associated with increased prevalence rates in these individuals.
Pharmacological treatments for smoking cessation are effective in the general population. We have blogged extensively about the efficacy, tolerability and cost-effectiveness of the three main treatments; transdermal nicotine patches (TNP), varenicline and bupropion.
There is emerging evidence to suggest individuals with SMDs are often motivated to quit and pharmacological treatments in those with SMDs are similarly effective. Despite these promising findings, treatments are often under-utilised, with one study finding less than one third of clinicians advising patients about smoking cessation.
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Open access. Antipsychotics are the drugs prescribed to treat psychotic disorders; however, patients often fail to adhere to their treatment, and this has a severe negative effect on prognosis in these kinds of illnesses. Among the wide range of risk factors for treatment nonadherence, this systematic review covers those that are most important from the point of view of clinicians and patients and proposes guidelines for addressing them.
Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder share genetic risk factors and one possible illness mechanism is abnormal myelination. T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) tissue intensities are sensitive to myelin content. Therefore, the contrast between grey- and white-matter intensities may reflect myelination along the cortical surface. You can request a copy of this article by replying to this email. Please ensure you are clear which article you are requesting.
Background: Recovery in mental health is a relatively new concept, but it is becoming more accepted that people can recover from psychosis. Recovery-orientated services are recommended for adult mental health, but with little evidence base to support this.
Objectives: To facilitate understanding and promotion of recovery in psychosis and bipolar disorder (BD), in a manner that is empowering and acceptable to service users.
Preserved social functioning is of utmost importance for older individuals living in the community to maintain independency. However, in patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder, it remains unclear which factors influence social functioning in later life. Login using your SSSFT NHS OpenAthens for full text. SSOTP - request a copy of the article from the library - http://bit.ly/1Xyazai
Impulsivity is associated with bipolar disorder as a clinical feature during and between manic episodes and is considered a potential endophenotype for the disorder. Schizophrenia and major depressive disorder share substantial genetic overlap with bipolar disorder, and these two disorders have also been associated with elevations in impulsivity. However, little is known about the degree of overlap among these disorders in discrete subfacets of impulsivity and whether any overlap is purely phenotypic or due to shared genetic diathesis. Please contact the library to receive a copy of this article - http://bit.ly/1Xyazai
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Open access. The Maintaining Adherence Programme (MAP) is a new model of care for patients with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder and bipolar affective disorder which aims to encourage adherence and prevent relapse. This evaluation, conducted by retrospective and prospective data collection (including patient questionnaires and staff interviews), aimed to describe MAP's impact on healthcare resource use, clinical measures and patient and staff satisfaction, following its implementation in a university National Health Service (NHS) foundation trust in England.
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Armodafinil (Nuvigil®) is an eugeroic drug made by Cephalon, FDA-approved 6/15/2007. Clinical trials for its use in bipolar disorder, cognition in schizophrenia, excessive fatigue in Parkinson's & cancer, begin. Patent expires 2023.