Forward Thinking provides an overview of recent published research, funded by the NIHR, on support for people living with SMI. These studies address particular uncertainties and evidence gaps identified by those working in and using these services. It also highlights research currently taking place to inform the support and care of people with severe mental illness.
This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examined the efficacy and safety of adjunctive N-acetylcysteine (NAC), an antioxidant drug, in treating major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia.. To read the full article, log in using your SSSFT NHS OpenAthens details. SSOTP - You can request a copy of this article by replying to this email. Please ensure you are clear which article you are requesting.
Background: Up to 75% of people with serious mental illness (SMI) such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder have co-occurring substance use disorders (dual diagnosis). Dual diagnosis can have an adverse effect on treatment and prognosis of SMI.
Objectives: To evaluate the effects of risperidone compared to treatment with other antipsychotics (first-generation and other second-generation antipsychotics) used in people with serious mental illness and co-occurring substance misuse.
Questions Is a polygenic score for schizophrenia associated with response to lithium in patients with bipolar affective disorder, and, if so, what are the molecular drivers of this association?. Please contact the library to request a copy of this article - http://bit.ly/1Xyazai
Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder (BD) are heritable disorders with similarities in clinical symptoms and typical onset after puberty.1 While research shows that impaired motor coordination can have an association with schizophrenia,2 there are limited data on childhood development preceding BD. Murray et al1 proposed a developmental model for similarities and dissimilarities between schizophrenia and BD, but it remains unknown if dissimilarities exist in early infancy and if they covary with genetic liability for these disorders. Using polygenic risk scores (PRSs), we explored whether genetic risk for schizophrenia and genetic risk for BD are associated with neuromotor development in infancy.. Please contact the library to request a copy of this article - http://bit.ly/1Xyazai
The authors investigated the rates of conversion to schizophrenia and bipolar disorder after a substance-induced psychosis, as well as risk factors for conversion.Login at top right hand side of page using your SSSFT NHS OpenAthens for full text. SSOTP- Please contact the library to receive a copy of this article - http://bit.ly/1Xyazai
The impact of religious/spiritual activities on clinical outcomes in patients with serious mental illnesses remains controversial, which was addressed in this international cross-sectional study. To read the full article, log in using your SSSFT NHS OpenAthens details. SSOTP - You can request a copy of this article by replying to this email. Please ensure you are clear which article you are requesting.
Ample evidence supports a neurodevelopmental origin in some cases of schizophrenia (SZ). More inconsistent information is available for bipolar disorder (BD). We herein review studies with a focus on premorbid (adjustment and functionality) and early developmental milestones that include both SZ and BD patients. Please contact the library to request a copy of this article - http://bit.ly/1Xyazai
Altered connectivity of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and hippocampus during working memory is considered an intermediate phenotype for schizophrenia (SCZ), but the relevance for other mental disorders with shared genetic background remains unknown. Here we investigated its presence in unaffected first-degree relatives of patients with bipolar disorder (BD) or major depressive disorder (MDD). Furthermore, we aimed to provide an independent replication of this phenotype in first-degree relatives of SCZ patients. Please contact the library to request a copy of this article - http://bit.ly/1Xyazai
People with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder are being offered animal therapy with dogs, rabbits and even rats at North Manchester General Hospital.
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This study examined the prevalence of cigarette smoking and the quantity of cigarettes consumed by individuals with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder and those without a psychiatric disorder in the period 1999–2016. Login at top right hand side of page using your SSSFT NHS OpenAthens for full text.
In this editorial, we discuss a UK-based cohort study examining the mortality gap for people with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder from 2000 to 2014. There have been concerted efforts to improve physical and mental healthcare for this population in recent decades. Have these initiatives reduced mortality and ‘closed the gap’? SSSFT staff - You can request a copy of this article by replying to this email. Please ensure you are clear which article you are requesting.
The objective of the study was to compare the predictive utility of three commonly used functioning measures for people with serious mental illness in the prediction of independent living status. To read the full article, log in using your SSSFT NHS OpenAthens details.
Journal of Abnormal Psychology126.5 (Jul 2017): 694-711.
Motivational and hedonic impairments are core features of a variety of types of psychopathology. An important aspect of motivational function is reinforcement learning (RL), including implicit (i.e., outside of conscious awareness) and explicit (i.e., including explicit representations about potential reward associations) learning, as well as both positive reinforcement (learning about actions that lead to reward) and punishment (learning to avoid actions that lead to loss). Here we present data from paradigms designed to assess both positive and negative components of both implicit and explicit RL, examine performance on each of these tasks among individuals with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and bipolar disorder with psychosis, and examine their relative relationships to specific symptom domains transdiagnostically. To read the full article, log in using your NHS OpenAthens details.
This population-based study compares psychiatric hospital readmission in patients with severe affective disorders based on receipt of electroconvulsive therapy.....Please contact the library to request a copy of this article - http://bit.ly/1Xyazai
Despite clinical guidelines recommendations, many relatives of people with psychosis or bipolar disorder do not currently receive the support they need. Online information and support may offer a solution.
Open Access Article
Although outpatient care within 30 days of mental health hospital discharge is an established quality indicator, little is known about the clinical implications of not receiving such care. This study evaluated whether receipt of outpatient care within 30 days of discharge was associated with a reduced risk of readmission during days 31–120 postdischarge among adult inpatients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. Login at top right hand side of page using your SSSFT NHS Athens for full text.
We’ve just heard that SSOTP will not be renewing their agreement with SSSFT LKS for library services for this financial year. Because of this we will be reviewing our Be Aware bulletins. Sadly we won’t be accepting any new sign-ups from SSOTP staff and will be withdrawing some of the physical healthcare bulletins that we…
Randomized controlled trials in adults with severe mental illness indicate that, compared with standard care, intensive case management (ICM) improves retention in treatment and may reduce hospitalization but other positive effects of ICM are unclear.
Current approaches to stratify patients with psychiatric disorders into groups on the basis of violence risk are limited by inconsistency, variable accuracy, and unscalability. To address the need for a scalable and valid tool to assess violence risk in patients with schizophrenia spectrum or bipolar disorder, we describe the derivation of a score based on routinely collected factors and present findings from external validation......Please contact the library to request a copy of this article - http://bit.ly/1Xyazai
Although most individuals with severe mental illness such as schizophrenia are neither antisocial nor violent, the risk of committing a homicide for people with schizophrenia is higher than that for those in the general population.1 Thus, a paradox typifies many psychiatric conditions for which a specific disorder is associated with increased risk of violence, despite a low prevalence of violence among those with the disorder. Seena Fazel and colleagues'2 new study in The Lancet Psychiatry seeks to clarify this paradox by identifying low risk of committing violent crime among a national cohort of 75 158 Swedish individuals......Please contact the library to request a copy of this article - http://bit.ly/1Xyazai
People with serious mental illness (SMI) are at risk of dying many years earlier than the general population. Providing an effective, cost-efficient healthcare service requires a holistic approach, and improving the physical health of people with SMI should be integral to all healthcare roles. It is important for nurses to identify and understand the barriers that people with SMI may experience when accessing physical healthcare.
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Patients with severe mental illness, including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder, have 53% higher odds of cardiovascular disease (CVD) than matched controls without these conditions, a large meta-analysis has found.
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We aimed to quantify the prevalence of cognitive impairment in adults with a history of mood disorder, schizophrenia, multiple sclerosis or Parkinson's disease, within a large general population cohort. Login using your SSSFT NHS OpenAthens for full text. SSOTP - You can request a copy of this article by replying to this email. Please ensure you are clear which article you are requesting.
Playing football can have a positive effect on people with mental health conditions such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, nurse-led research has found. To read the full article, log in using your NHS OpenAthens details
Owing to the genetic overlap between schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, we aimed to assess domain-specific motor aberrations and disorder specificity among 7-year-old children with a familial risk of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder by comparing children in familial risk groups with each other and with children not in these risk groups. Please contact the library to request a copy of this article - http://bit.ly/1Xyazai
American Journal of Orthopsychiatry (Mar 2, 2017).
Community participation is often cited as a crucial component of wellness for people with mental health diagnoses. Few studies explore community participation from the perspective of lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, and queer (LGBTQ) people with diagnoses of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. This article describes an in-depth qualitative study with 16 LGBTQ people; 18 social service workers; and 2 key informants in Toronto, Ontario that examined access to communities for LGBTQ people with mental health diagnoses. To read the full article, log in using your NHS OpenAthens details.
Comment. Cognitive deficits such as problems with attention, executive functioning, and working memory are a major driver of functional impairment and ensuing disability, with impacts across the spectrum of major neuropsychiatric disorders. For example, cognition is recognised in schizophrenia as one of the principal symptomatic domains.1 The study by Lakshmi N Yatham and colleagues2 in this issue of The Lancet Psychiatry suggesting the utility of lurasidone to improve cognition in bipolar disorder is a welcome contribution to the evidence base in this neglected area. Please contact the library to request a copy of this article - http://bit.ly/1Xyazai
Recently, clinical guidelines about treatment of mania have been published by important scientific societies.1 Atypical antipsychotic adjunctive therapy to lithium or valproate is effective in treating acute mania; however, antipsychotics should not be continued unless the benefits of reducing relapse outweigh the risks such as weight gain and metabolic syndrome.2 So far, there is no high-quality evidence for such beneficial duration of the therapy. The study by Yatham and colleagues aimed to determine the efficacy of different durations (24 and 52 weeks) of atypical antipsychotic adjunctive therapy to mood stabiliser versus discontinuing …..To read the full article, log in using your NHS OpenAthens details.
To compare objective and subjective weight gain of second-generation antipsychotics in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. SSSFT staff can use the OVID link, or you can request a copy of this article by replying to this email. Please ensure you are clear which article you are requesting.
Open access. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) on cardiovascular risk factors in patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder.
Several studies show an association between schizophrenia and low levels of vitamin D. To date, there are only few studies about the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in patients with bipolar disorder. We hypothesized that vitamin D deficiency is less common among patients with bipolar disorder than among patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. A second hypothesis is that vitamin D deficiency is more prevalent among patients with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, or bipolar disorders than among the general Dutch population. SSSFT staff can use the OVID link, or you can request a copy of this article by replying to this email. Please ensure you are clear which article you are requesting.
Canadian Journal of Psychiatry61.8 (Aug 2016): 446-456.
Mitochondrial dysfunction is commonly observed in bipolar disorder (BD) and schizophrenia (SCZ) and may be a central feature of psychosis. These illnesses are complex and heterogeneous, which is reflected by the complexity of the processes regulating mitochondrial function. Mitochondria are typically associated with energy production; however, dysfunction of mitochondria affects not only energy production but also vital cellular processes, including the formation of reactive oxygen species, cell cycle and survival, intracellular Ca^sup 2+^ homeostasis, and neurotransmission. In this review, we characterize the upstream components controlling mitochondrial function, including 1) mutations in nuclear and mitochondrial DNA, 2) mitochondrial dynamics, and 3) intracellular Ca^sup 2+^ homeostasis. Characterizing and understanding the upstream factors that regulate mitochondrial function is essential to understand progression of these illnesses and develop biomarkers and therapeutics. To read the full article, log in using your NHS OpenAthens details.
o investigate whether schizophrenia spectrum and bipolar disorder lie on a transdiagnostic spectrum with overlapping non-affective and affective psychotic symptoms. You can request a copy of this article by replying to this email. Please be clear which article you are requesting.
Smoking in the general population is on the decline. However, in people with severe mental disorders (SMDs) such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder the estimated smoking prevalence rate is anywhere between 50-80%. High rates of medical morbidity and severely reduced life expectancy are associated with increased prevalence rates in these individuals.
Pharmacological treatments for smoking cessation are effective in the general population. We have blogged extensively about the efficacy, tolerability and cost-effectiveness of the three main treatments; transdermal nicotine patches (TNP), varenicline and bupropion.
There is emerging evidence to suggest individuals with SMDs are often motivated to quit and pharmacological treatments in those with SMDs are similarly effective. Despite these promising findings, treatments are often under-utilised, with one study finding less than one third of clinicians advising patients about smoking cessation.
Come and visit our first pop-up library at Severn Fields, Shrewsbury 19th July 11.00am-3.00pm. Join the library, borrow and return books, get help finding information and evidence, set up an Athens account, find out what the library can do for you and your team.
Open access. Antipsychotics are the drugs prescribed to treat psychotic disorders; however, patients often fail to adhere to their treatment, and this has a severe negative effect on prognosis in these kinds of illnesses. Among the wide range of risk factors for treatment nonadherence, this systematic review covers those that are most important from the point of view of clinicians and patients and proposes guidelines for addressing them.
Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder share genetic risk factors and one possible illness mechanism is abnormal myelination. T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) tissue intensities are sensitive to myelin content. Therefore, the contrast between grey- and white-matter intensities may reflect myelination along the cortical surface. You can request a copy of this article by replying to this email. Please ensure you are clear which article you are requesting.
Background: Recovery in mental health is a relatively new concept, but it is becoming more accepted that people can recover from psychosis. Recovery-orientated services are recommended for adult mental health, but with little evidence base to support this.
Objectives: To facilitate understanding and promotion of recovery in psychosis and bipolar disorder (BD), in a manner that is empowering and acceptable to service users.
Preserved social functioning is of utmost importance for older individuals living in the community to maintain independency. However, in patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder, it remains unclear which factors influence social functioning in later life. Login using your SSSFT NHS OpenAthens for full text. SSOTP - request a copy of the article from the library - http://bit.ly/1Xyazai
Impulsivity is associated with bipolar disorder as a clinical feature during and between manic episodes and is considered a potential endophenotype for the disorder. Schizophrenia and major depressive disorder share substantial genetic overlap with bipolar disorder, and these two disorders have also been associated with elevations in impulsivity. However, little is known about the degree of overlap among these disorders in discrete subfacets of impulsivity and whether any overlap is purely phenotypic or due to shared genetic diathesis. Please contact the library to receive a copy of this article - http://bit.ly/1Xyazai
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Open access. The Maintaining Adherence Programme (MAP) is a new model of care for patients with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder and bipolar affective disorder which aims to encourage adherence and prevent relapse. This evaluation, conducted by retrospective and prospective data collection (including patient questionnaires and staff interviews), aimed to describe MAP's impact on healthcare resource use, clinical measures and patient and staff satisfaction, following its implementation in a university National Health Service (NHS) foundation trust in England.
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Armodafinil (Nuvigil®) is an eugeroic drug made by Cephalon, FDA-approved 6/15/2007. Clinical trials for its use in bipolar disorder, cognition in schizophrenia, excessive fatigue in Parkinson's & cancer, begin. Patent expires 2023.