The “vanilla” store implementation you get by calling createStore only supports plain object actions and hands them immediately to the reducer.
However, if you wrap createStore with applyMiddleware, the middleware can interpret actions differently, and provide support for dispatching async actions. Async actions are usually asynchronous primitives like Promises, Observables, or thunks.
free ror screencasts Rack middleware is a way to filter a request and response coming into your application. In this episode I show how to modify the response body using middleware. Resources * Rack * rack-contrib * Full Episode Source Code
Metro is a high-performance, extensible, easy-to-use web service stack. It is a one-stop shop for all your web service needs, from the simplest hello world web service to reliable, secured, and transacted web service that involves .NET services.
S. Cranefield. Proceedings of the International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems, page 1427-1428. Richland, SC, International Foundation for Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems, (2016)
K. Geihs, and M. Wagner. Context-Aware Systems and Applications, volume 109 of Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, (2012)