Identity is fundamental to ontology, and especially to information systems ontologies. Identity is well known in metaphysics and in database conceptual modeling. In the latter case, it is an accepted best practice to specify a primary key for rows in a ta
If everyone would create good metadata for the purposes of describing their goods, services and information, it would be a trivial matter to search the Internet for highly qualified, context-sensitive results: a fan could find all the downloadable music i
It is important to differentiate between text data mining and information access (or information retrieval, as it is more widely known)... the goal of data mining is to discover or derive new information from data, finding patterns across datasets, and/o
Ever notice that before you can really do a good web search, you have to actually know something about your search topic? Let's say you want to learn more about jazz. But you don't know any of the "keywords," the musicians, the composers, the talent. S
Tagging is great...But can tagging be better? Yes. For example, how do you specify Paris (the city) as opposed to Paris (the person)? By using contextual tags (e.g.; celebrity:paris or city:paris) to give "thing" tags meaning. words are no longer stripp
This paper describes Seeker, a platform for large-scale text analytics, and SemTag, an application written on the platform to perform automated semantic tagging of large corpora. We apply SemTag to a collection of approximately 264 million web pages, and
Lexical ambiguity is a fundamental problem in Information Retrieval (IR), especially in the medical domain. Many systems use a subset of the words contained in the document to represent the content, but they are faced with the problem of ambiguity.
You maintain a blog at, say, livejournal.com (but this can be anything) and you stay logged in there usually. You go to leave a comment at someblog.com (perhaps it's Movable Type, or Wordpress, or DeadJournal, ...) and you don't have an account there, s
OpenID starts with the concept that anyone can identify themselves on the Internet the same way websites do-with a URI (also called a URL or web address). Since URIs are at the very core of Web architecture, they provide a solid foundation for user-centri
A great jump towards the advent of the Semantic Web will take place when a critical mass of web resources is available for use in a semantic way. This goal can be reached by the creation of semantic meta-data in the publication workflow, or by the develop
Blogging has a name, but I haven’t found a name for this programming-meets-blogging I like to do...Here’s a start: “blogramming.” The blogosphere has its a-list — so does the, um, blogrammosphere (ouch!)...we are all hooked on the thrill of hatc
It might seem redundant to have semantic tagging when you can basically find anything you can think of with simple searches in Google or Yahoo. But del.icio.us seems to be most surprising when you're trying to find things that relate to what you're intere
Category search within digital repositories is poorly supported. This means that people wishing to access the assets of digital repositories are largely limited to keyword search, which means they must know what they want in order to look for it. Our part
The introduction of semantics on the web will lead to a new generation of services based on content rather than on syntax. |:| Effective semantic search engines will provide means for successful searches avoiding the heavy burden experimented by users in
Automatic semantic annotation of information content is an open problem, but is crucial to the realization of the Semantic Web. Annotation systems require the initial definition of an ontology and as well as a knowledge base. Both of these resources work
OpenID is a lightweight, decentralized identity system that has been gaining prominence. I expect this upcoming year to be a big year for OpenID -- and not just because of the Google trend chart with the recent uptake in search query share.
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Welcome to RDFWeb's 'Friend of a Friend' (FOAF) project developer site. RDFWeb is an experimental linked information system, exploring some interconnected applications of the Semantic Web, beginning with the deployment of FOAF. FOAF documents are, in
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In this column, Uche Ogbuji completes his introduction to XML and semantics, setting the stage for the more practical columns that will follow. Thinking XML addresses knowledge management aspects of XML, including metadata, semantics, Resource Description
In the last two installments of my Thinking XML column, I covered semantic transparency -- the ability to share the meaning of the bits that go between those freewheeling XML angle brackets and quotation marks. Recent events in XML directly touch on the t
This discussion of XML and semantics kicks off a column by Uche Ogbuji on knowledge management aspects of XML, including metadata, semantics, Resource Description Framework (RDF), Topic Maps, and autonomous agents. Approaching the topic from a practical p
Repeat after me: "There is no syntax." In order to use and gain advantage from RDF, you do not have to use any particular syntax -- not even the syntax specified in the RDF 1.0 specification. Uche Ogbuji discusses the importance of XML/RDF interchange, of
Much as people and economies depend on information, the exchange of data has often been hindered by the incompatible formats of proprietary hardware and software. That was less of a problem when computers rarely communicated with each other, but now it's
This guide contains links to many RDF resources including examples, documents, software, tools and projects that use RDF, a standard for describing resources on the web.
Uche Ogbuji moves on to a discussion of a far more sophisticated RDF query language than the primitive API he has discussed thus far. This is the foundation for establishing the middleware for the Issue Tracker article in coming installments. So far, in
WordNet® is an on-line lexical reference system whose design is inspired by current psycholinguistic theories of human lexical memory. English nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs are organized into synonym sets, each representing one underlying lexical
The motivation is to enable the common and consistent description of persons (using the existing semantics of vCard) and to encode these in RDF/XML. RDF is an application of the Extensible Markup Language XML.
OpenOffice.org is a mature, open source, front office applications suite with the advantage of a saved file format based on an open XML DTD. This gives users and developers an extraordinary amount of flexibility and power in dealing with work produced in
xmlns.com is an internet domain created for the purposes of simple Web namespace management. The rationale for registering xmlns.com was to secure a short, memorable domain suitable for naming concepts for use in RDF and XML vocabularies.
FOAFCorp: Corporate Friends of Friends What is this? RDF is a great data format for describing interconnected entities. With FOAF, we have a simple fun vocabulary for describing social networks, people, organisations etc. The FOAFCorp experiment extends
XML library containing a comprehensive and wide-ranging collection of articles, tips, tutorials, and standards. XML protocols. XML tutorials for beginners and advanced developers.
This column, the third in a series, shows how to add semantic knowledge to an RDF application by incorporating WordNet synonym sets. With the added knowledge of the WordNet lexical database, you can search a set of RDF data for related concepts, not just
To create, test, and deploy a Web-based application or Web service rapidly, you need a proven relational database, a standards-compliant Web application server, and a flexible IDE. Ideally, all these software packages are production-tested, simple to obta
After completing this tutorial, you will understand how to store and retrieve XML data through PHP and a back end database. The applications and skills we'll cover in this specific example can be easily extrapolated into many other software development id
The basis of RDF's strength as a knowledge-management tool is that it allows you to organize, interrelate, classify, and annotate this knowledge, thereby increasing the aggregate value of the stored data. RDF has a reputation for complexity that is belied
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This Primer is designed to provide the reader with the basic knowledge required to effectively use RDF. It introduces the basic concepts of RDF and describes its XML syntax. It describes how to define RDF vocabularies using the RDF Vocabulary Description
This Thinking XML column shows how to combine metadata collected from multiple XML source documents into a single Resource Description Framework (RDF) model for effective querying. In this follow-up to his previous installment that introduced how to use X
This article introduces Resource Description Framework (RDF), developed by the W3C for Web-based metadata, using XML as an interchange syntax. RDF's essential aim is to make work easier for autonomous agents, which would refine the Web by improving search
Edd Dumbill explores an XML and RDF application known as Friend-of-a-Friend (FOAF). FOAF allows the expression of personal information and relationships, and is a useful building block for creating information systems that support online communities. Code
RDFWeb is intended to be both fun and technically challenging. We hope that at least some of the writing here will be accessible for a general audience, although much of it will be for the rather small community familiar with the subtleties of various Sem
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FOAF-a-matic is a simple Javascript application that allows you to create a FOAF ("Friend-of-A-Friend") description of yourself. You can read more about FOAF in Edd Dumbill's "XML Watch: Finding friends with XML and RDF" article, at the FOAF homepage on R
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I have been working with web standards based design for many years now and I see many rookie mistakes. When newbies get started with CSS/XHTML based web design, most of their work is focused on just getting the page to look like the Photoshop comp. While
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The Friend of a Friend (FOAF) project is creating a Web of machine-readable pages describing people, the links between them and the things they create and do. FOAF is about your place in the Web, and the Web's place in our world. FOAF is a simple tech
Here's one of Toodledo's thoughtful features: There is no sense being reminded about tasks at home when you are at work, or vice versa. When you use Toodledo, you can set the context that you are in, which will hide all the tasks that do not match that c
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XHTML is a markup language intended to create rich, portable web-based applications. While it is a descendant of HTML 4.0, XHTML 1.0, and XHTML 1.1, it is not meant to be backwards compatible with any of them. However, if you are familiar with any of thos