Apache Mesos abstracts CPU, memory, storage, and other compute resources away from machines (physical or virtual), enabling fault-tolerant and elastic distributed systems to easily be built and run effectively.
Apache's Hadoop project aims to solve these problems by providing a framework for running large data processing applications on clusters of commodity hardware. Combined with Amazon EC2 for running the application, and Amazon S3 for storing the data, we can run large jobs very economically. This paper describes how to use Amazon Web Services and Hadoop to run an ad hoc analysis on a large collection of web access logs that otherwise would have cost a prohibitive amount in either time or money.
M. Becker, H. Mewes, A. Hotho, D. Dimitrov, F. Lemmerich, and M. Strohmaier. International Conference Companion on World Wide Web, page 17--18. Republic and Canton of Geneva, Switzerland, International World Wide Web Conferences Steering Committee, (2016)