The launch of Google Scholar Citations and Google Scholar Metrics may provoke
a revolution in the research evaluation field as it places within every
researchers reach tools that allow bibliometric measuring. In order to alert
the research community over how easily one can manipulate the data and
bibliometric indicators offered by Google s products we present an experiment
in which we manipulate the Google Citations profiles of a research group
through the creation of false documents that cite their documents, and
consequently, the journals in which they have published modifying their H
index. For this purpose we created six documents authored by a faked author and
we uploaded them to a researcher s personal website under the University of
Granadas domain. The result of the experiment meant an increase of 774
citations in 129 papers (six citations per paper) increasing the authors and
journals H index. We analyse the malicious effect this type of practices can
cause to Google Scholar Citations and Google Scholar Metrics. Finally, we
conclude with several deliberations over the effects these malpractices may
have and the lack of control tools these tools offer
%0 Generic
%1 lopezcozar2012manipulating
%A Lopez-Cozar, Emilio Delgado
%A Robinson-Garcia, Nicolas
%A Torres-Salinas, Daniel
%D 2012
%K bibliometrics citation data evaluation google measuring research scholar science
%T Manipulating Google Scholar Citations and Google Scholar Metrics:
simple, easy and tempting
%U http://arxiv.org/abs/1212.0638
%X The launch of Google Scholar Citations and Google Scholar Metrics may provoke
a revolution in the research evaluation field as it places within every
researchers reach tools that allow bibliometric measuring. In order to alert
the research community over how easily one can manipulate the data and
bibliometric indicators offered by Google s products we present an experiment
in which we manipulate the Google Citations profiles of a research group
through the creation of false documents that cite their documents, and
consequently, the journals in which they have published modifying their H
index. For this purpose we created six documents authored by a faked author and
we uploaded them to a researcher s personal website under the University of
Granadas domain. The result of the experiment meant an increase of 774
citations in 129 papers (six citations per paper) increasing the authors and
journals H index. We analyse the malicious effect this type of practices can
cause to Google Scholar Citations and Google Scholar Metrics. Finally, we
conclude with several deliberations over the effects these malpractices may
have and the lack of control tools these tools offer
@misc{lopezcozar2012manipulating,
abstract = {The launch of Google Scholar Citations and Google Scholar Metrics may provoke
a revolution in the research evaluation field as it places within every
researchers reach tools that allow bibliometric measuring. In order to alert
the research community over how easily one can manipulate the data and
bibliometric indicators offered by Google s products we present an experiment
in which we manipulate the Google Citations profiles of a research group
through the creation of false documents that cite their documents, and
consequently, the journals in which they have published modifying their H
index. For this purpose we created six documents authored by a faked author and
we uploaded them to a researcher s personal website under the University of
Granadas domain. The result of the experiment meant an increase of 774
citations in 129 papers (six citations per paper) increasing the authors and
journals H index. We analyse the malicious effect this type of practices can
cause to Google Scholar Citations and Google Scholar Metrics. Finally, we
conclude with several deliberations over the effects these malpractices may
have and the lack of control tools these tools offer},
added-at = {2019-03-24T14:39:02.000+0100},
author = {Lopez-Cozar, Emilio Delgado and Robinson-Garcia, Nicolas and Torres-Salinas, Daniel},
biburl = {https://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2d23603feaae9c899c26f47626f2315f4/abosnic},
interhash = {c4473827f43a387988a03bd9861fa52d},
intrahash = {d23603feaae9c899c26f47626f2315f4},
keywords = {bibliometrics citation data evaluation google measuring research scholar science},
note = {cite arxiv:1212.0638Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures},
timestamp = {2019-03-24T14:39:02.000+0100},
title = {Manipulating Google Scholar Citations and Google Scholar Metrics:
simple, easy and tempting},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/1212.0638},
year = 2012
}